Resumen

CARVAJAL GARCES, Carola F.  y  MORALES CLAVIJO, Martha. Vaccines and new trends for human papillomavirus. Gac Med Bol [online]. 2010, vol.33, n.2, pp. 70-77. ISSN 1012-2966.

Cervical cáncer (CC) is the second most common cáncer in women, caused by oncogenic types of human papiloma virus. In 2002 was responsible for 274,000 deaths worldwide. Approximately 70% of the cases of CC are caused by the two most common oncogenic HPV types: 16 and 18. 10% are caused by the next most common types: 45 and 31. Although preventive strategies such as vaccination do not substitute screening methods for CC, the development of these vaccines, designed to prevent infections caused by oncogenic types of HPV, have the potential to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with CC and precancerous lesions. Today are available in the market 2 types of vaccines: Gardasil® from Merck Pharmaceutical Laboratories and Cervarix from Glaxo Smith Kline Laboratories. Recently, new tools have being developed to improve the safety and efficacy or the HPV vaccines. These advances include improving the antige-nical selection, inclusión of coadjuvant agents to enhance the immunogenicity of the vaccine and investigation of new routes of administration. Clinical triáis of the HPV vaccine, that have used these technology, reported excellent safety, immunogenicity and efficacy for prevention of HPV infections. Today, many research groups, have being investigating and developing therapeutic vaccines, than may change the course of this disease; nevertheless, we have a long road to walk in this área.

Palabras llave : HPV; vaccines.