Resumo

ARANDIA VALDEZ, Rubén  e  VILLARROEL INTURIAS, Alejandro. Paradigms of Neonatalogy. Gac Med Bol [online]. 2009, vol.32, n.2, pp.52-59. ISSN 1012-2966.

On this papper we discuss the latest strategies of neonatology. The high frequency ventilation is a relatively new mode of ventilation in newborns with acute respiratory failure. It is characterized by using small tidal volumes at a high respiratory rate, decreasing peak pressures and thus the risk of barotraumas. The use of indomethacin reduces the incidence of ductus arteriosus, the need for ligation and the risk of pulmonary hemorrhage. However, currently, there is evidence that ibuprofen iv is as effective for closure of patent ductus arteriosus in the preterm newborn, with fewer risks on kidney function and lower risk of necrotizing enterocolitis. Oral sildenafil in infants born at or near term with severe persistent pulmonary hypertension, improves oxygenation index and arterial oxygen saturation without causing systemic hypotension or a significant adverse effect. One of the therapeutic concepts of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy developed more exciting over the past 30 years is that hypothermia can reduce brain injury secondary to hypoxia-ischemia. Retinopathy of prematurity is a proliferative disease of retina´s blood vessels. Therapeutic alternatives: laser photocoagulation, cryotherapy and vitrectomy.

Palavras-chave : High frequency ventilation; Ibuprofen; premature.

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