Resumen

CENTENO-BORDONES, Guillermo  y  LABRADOR-SANCHEZ, Henry. Tratamiento de efluente petrolero mediante oxidación no fotoquímica y fotoquímica solar, empleando lodos rojos como catalizador. Rev. Bol. Quim [online]. 2021, vol.38, n.5, pp.28-41. ISSN 0250-5460.  https://doi.org/10.34098/2078-3949.38.5.3.

In this research, the degradation of petroleum wastewater originated from the process of experimental improvement of heavy and extra-heavy crude oil was studied, through advanced oxidation processes (AOP). The sour water sample was characterized by measuring the pH, conductivity, turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) using the HACH DR2010 method; The concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) was determined through the ultraviolet fluorescence (UVF) technique Sitelab: EDRO: 16. The chloride concentration was determined according to Standard Methods 4500 (1995). Induced Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) was applied for the determination of metals and the concentration of sulfides by means of the ASTM D4658-03 standard. Identification of organic species was performed by mass coupled gas chromatography (GC-MS). Non-photochemical (Fenton-like) and solar photochemical (photoFenton-like and solar photocatalysis) reactions were applied with a 22 factorial experiment design with a replica. The treated water was evaluated for its pH, conductivity, COD, TPH and the remaining concentration of hydrogen peroxide. The identification of the ions generated was carried out by means of an Ion Chromatograph (IC). In the non-photochemical reaction, a reduction in COD was obtained by 83.42% and in TPH by 99.92%. For the solar photochemical process, a reduction of 91.16% for COD and 100% for TPH was obtained. The conversion of sulfide to sulfate in the first technique was 44.73% and the second was 99.99%. There was greater organic oxidation in the solar photochemical reaction, obtaining carbonyls and short-chain carboxylic acids.

Palabras clave : Advanced oxidation processes; red sludge; Fenton-like; photoFenton-like; photocatalysis; sour waters; design of experiments.

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