Abstract

GUZMAN, Bianca  and  UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRES UMSA. Department of Chemistry, Laboratorio de Pruebas Biológicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales IIPN et al. Saponins from Chenopodium Quinoa Willd and Chenopodium Pallidicaule Aellen as biocontrollers of phytopathogen fungi and hemolysis agents. Rev. Bol. Quim [online]. 2015, vol.32, n.1, pp.8-14. ISSN 0250-5460.

Saponins for its properties as a biopesticide and biocontrol of plant pathogenic fungi, such as Aspergillus and Fusarium, have the ability to produce red blood cells rupture, which can be measured by the hemolytic index. In this paper the biocontrol activity of saponins extracted from two species of Chenopodium (Quinoa and canihua) possible degree of toxicity and eco hemotoxicity, in vitro. We worked with ratings PROINPA samples, extraction of saponins was carried out in aqueous medium. Growth charts and inhibition show that the M-16 extract (saponin) has biocotroladora ability on strains Bol RT-1 (Fusarium sPp) and Bull JR-1 (Aspegilius flavus) with an inhibition at 12 days to 47.6 %, 42% respectively. Ecotoxicity of Daphnia magna show that at a concentration of 25% w / v saponin extracts are not significantly toxic to the environment, the results of tests of hemotoxicity, HC50 has a value of 0.58 mg / ml, the RBC hemolysis was performed by quantification of saponins, it is observed that at a concentration of saponin 0.320 mg / ml (sample 12) A 32. 215% of red cells are lysed, showing a value not too high toxicity. Sample 16 (saponin) proved to have an efficient inhibitory effect on growth of Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp. is not efficient within a short time, but long term if you could control these pests, with the added benefit of safe use for protection of the environment as shown in the proof of ecotoxicity and safe for users as checks haemotoxicity assays. Original spanish title: saponinas de chenopodium quinoa willd y cañihua chenopodium pallidicaule aellen como agente biocontrolador de hongos fitopatogenos y agente hemolisante.

Keywords : Quantification of Saponins; Quinoa; Canihua.

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