Abstract

QUINO;ª, Israel; QUINTANILLA;ª, Jorge  and  DALENCE B, Javier S. Modelo espacio temporal hidroquímico de metales pesados dentro de la cuenca Antequera en base a la actividad minera y agrícola. Rev. Bol. Quim [online]. 2011, vol.28, n.2, pp.52-62. ISSN 0250-5460.

ABSTRACT   The origin, movement and interaction of heavy metals into water bodies Antequera basin, located near Lake Poopó - Oruro is very important, because mining and agricultural activity that develops in the area. Thus, considering the hydrochemistry of the area (mining and agriculture), we determined that there is great influence of mining on water resources in the basin. Hydrochemical analysis was developed considering the following parameters: arsenic, lead, iron, manganese, copper, cadmium, zinc, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, carbonates, bicarbonates, sulfates, nitrates, pH, and electrical conductivity. These parameters were spatialized directly in the case of surface water and used the Inverse Distance interpolation Moving Average for the case of groundwater. A comparison was made temporary space of parameters with data from the periods: transition, dry and wet from 2007 to 2009. The main metal from mining activities and mining waste is zinc. The characterization of the waters indicates that waters from the mining area are mainly calcium sulfate, whereas the agricultural area has water sodium chloride and calcium bicarbonate. Through the hydrochemistry and supervised classification of satellite images of the basin, we found the relationship between land use and water chemistry. The areas most impacted by the mining activity are: Martha, Avicaya Totoral and along the main channel of river Avicaya and these areas the most affected by this activity is the south of the basin, the town of Pazña, this area forms the infiltration or flood plain, its main activity (agriculture) is greatly affected by mining activities developed in the upper basin

Keywords : Hidroquímica; cuenca hidrográfica; geoestadística; clasificación digital de imágenes.

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