Abstract

FLORES, Yonny et al. OLEANANE-TYPE TRITERPENES AND DERIVATIVES FROM SEED COAT OF BOLIVIAN CHENOPODIUM QUINOA GENOTYPE “SALAR”. Rev. Bol. Quim [online]. 2005, vol.22, n.1, pp.71-77. ISSN 0250-5460.

Bolivia is the first world exporter of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) genotype “salar”. In its natural state quinoa has a coating of bitter-tasting (saponins), making it essentially unpalatable. Most of quinoa exported from Bolivia has been processed to remove this coating. These seed coat residues contain a high level of oleanane-type saponins. From those residues two oleanane-type triterpenes were found as the major sapogenins and their structures were identified as: oleanolic acid and deoxyphytolaccagenic acid in base of NMR means. Furthermore, two derivatives of oleanolic acid were obtained: 28-Omethyl and 3-O-acetyloleanolic acid. The importance of oleanolic acid content in this industrial residue is discussed.

Keywords : Chenopodium quinoa; sapogenines; oleanolic acid; deoxyphytolaccagenic acid; oleanolic acid derivatives; Bolivian highland crops.