Resumo

ANDRADE ANDRADE, Pablo  e  SILVA, Eduardo. The Fourth Wave of Contestation to Neoliberalism: Ecuador 2017-2022. Temas Sociales [online]. 2025, n.57, pp.203-236.  Epub 30-Nov-2025. ISSN 0040-2915.  https://doi.org/10.53287/efze2521ta67p.

This research analyzes the unstable balance between neoliberal and anti-neoliberal forces in Ecuador between 2017 and 2022. Drawing on the theories of Madariaga and Silva, the study argues that Ecuadorian neoliberalism has failed to consolidate due to the lack of institutionalization of its three pillars-ideas, institutions, and actors-leaving a democratic space open for powerful social movements, particularly Indigenous movements. Through an analysis of the national strikes in 2019, 2021, and 2022, it demonstrates that the weakness of neoliberal coalitions and the organizational strength of CONAIE and its allies prevent the stabilization of the neoliberal project. The study concludes that Ecuador’s “labile neoliberalism” is characterized by its inability to become a lasting political and economic order, resulting from the interaction of a vibrant democratic institutional framework, an active civil society, and a fragmented political elite.

Palavras-chave : Neoliberalism; democracy; social conflicts; capitalists; repression; social movements; government strategies; social discontent; Ecuador.

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