Revista Boliviana de Química

EVALUACION DE LA FLORA EN EL VALLE DE ZONGO CONTRA LEISHMANIA Y CHAGAS

ABSTRACT Tropical diseases caused by protozoan produce great suffering in developing countries and result in high morbidity and mortality rates. Among these illnesses, Leishmania and Chagas are of importance. Leishmania consists in a critical heath problem for the social and economical consequence that result. Due to these aspects, WHO has classified leishmaniasis, along with African tripanosomiasis and denge, within category 1 for the research of new prevention methods, diagnosis and treatment [1]. In addition, the same organization has classified Chagas disease as the third most important worldwide tropical illness due to its severity and mortality [2]. Botanical collects sort by altitude in the Valley of Zongo, Bolivia, have presented two species with important activities. The specie Bocconia integrifolia ( Papaveraceae) with un IC50 of 6 µg/ml against Chagas and 0.4 µg/ml against three strains of leishmania and the specie Liabum hastifolium (Compositae) with un IC50 of 10.4 µg/ml against three strains of leishmania./ Las enfermedades tropicales causadas por protozoos provocan un gran sufrimiento en los países en desarrollo, con elevados radios de morbilidad y mortalidad. Entre estas enfermedades se destacan la Leishmania y el Chagas. La leishmania constituye un grave problema de salud pública por las consecuencias sociales y económicas que conlleva. La OMS ha clasificado a la leishmaniasis, conjuntamente con la tripanosomiasis africana y el dengue, dentro de la categoría 1 para la investigación de nuevos métodos de prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento [1]. A su vez, la misma organización ha clasificado a la enfermedad del Chagas como la tercera enfermedad tropical más importante a nivel mundial en cuanto a su severidad y mortalidad [2]. El presente trabajo busca especies vegetales con actividades frente a leishmania y chagas. Colectas altitudinales en el valle de Zongo, Bolivia, han presentado dos especies con importantes actividades. La especie Bocconia integrifolia (Papaveraceae) con un IC50 de 6 µg/ml contra Chagas y 0.4 µg/ml contra tres sepas de leishmania y la especie Liabum hastifolium (Compositae) con un IC50 de 10.4 µg/ml contra tres sepas de leishmania.

**Aislados Proteínicos de granos altoandinos Chenopodiaceas; quinua “Chenopodium Quinoa” - Cañahua “Chenopodium Pallidicaule” por Precipitación Isoeléctrica**

ABSTRACT The quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd) and the canihua (Chenopodium Pallidicaule Aellen), pseudocereals of the region of the Andes of South America, report an exceptional composition of amino acids. Considering these antecedents this study has the purpose of to isolate and to optimize the extraction effects and precipitation of the proteins in the point isoeléctrico in two quinoa varieties and canihua, respectively. The isolated proteic got ready by means of the extraction to pH 8,0 - 8,9 to protect the material proteic of the oxidation, an antioxidant was added in the extract watery sulphite of sodium 0,1% p/p and precipitation of the proteins to pH 4,5 at 5,3. The content of proteins is of 85,86; 83,60; 87,74; 82,68% for QIK, QST, CAK, CVT respectively with a humidity of 7,71; 8,11; 7,59; 8,10 for CVT, CAK, QIK and QST respectively, value relatively low that confer stability in the time. The solubility of the isolated proteic increases until the 45 ºC and diminish above the 45 ºC observed the denaturalization of the protein. The solubility of the proteins to pH 4,5 are smaller, being observed a higher solubility to pH different from the point isoelectric, what shows us that the method applied in the obtaining and optimization of the isolated quinoa proteic and canihua is adapted

A 5-METHYLCOUMARIN GLUCOSIDE AND A COUMESTAN DERIVATIVE FROM MUTISIA ORBIGNYANA

The ethanolic extract of the aerial parts from Mutisia orbignyana afforded two major compounds: mutisifurocoumarin (1) and 5-methylcoumarine-4-β-glucoside (2). The completely assignment of ¹H and 13C NMR data of compound (2) is presented for the first time as well as some reassignments of 13C NMR spectrum for compound (1), applying 2D NMR techniques. In addition, the antiproliferative effect on colon cancer cells (CaCo2) and the scavenging effect using the ABTS test were measured The results showed an interesting scavenging activity and a non proliferative effect on colon cancer cells.

El extracto etanólico de las partes aéreas de Mutisia orbignyana presentó dos compuestos mayoritarios: mutisifurocumarina (1) y 5-metilcumarina-4-β-glucosilada (2). El asignamiento completo de RMN de ¹H y 13C del compuesto (2) es presentado por primera vez, así como también algunos reasignamientos del espectro de RMN13C del compuesto (1), en ambos casos se aplico técnicas de RMN 2D. Además, se midió el efecto antiproliferativo sobre células cancerosas de colon (CaCo2) y el efecto como inhibidores de radicales libres usando la prueba ABTS, tanto de extractos como de compuestos puros. Los resultados muestran un interesante efecto antiradicalario en ABTS y un efecto no-proliferativo sobre células cancerosas de colon

EL PRODUCTO DE LA REACCION DE STENHOUSEN COMO COLORANTE PARA EL RECONOCIMIENTO DE LA POLIAMIDA

The pink product of the J. Stenhousen reaction was used for colouring fibres such as cotton, polyester, white cardboard, newspaper, silk paper, bond paper, filter paper, Dacron, wool’s sheeps, plastoform, polyamide, viscous rayon, polymeric rayon, and alpaca’s wool. Polyamide fibres posses affinity for the Stenhousen’ reaction product being coloured of intense pink, therefore allowing to recognize the polyamide among all other used materials, as it can be observed in Tabla Nº 3

Se usó el producto ( rosado ) de la reacción de J. Stenhousen para colorear fibras de: Algodón, poliéster, cartulina blanca, papel periódico, papel seda, papel bond, papel filtro, dacron, lana de oveja, plastoformo, poliamida, rayón viscosa rayón polinósico y lana de alpaca. La fibra de poliamida posee afinidad por el producto de la reacción de Stenhousen coloreándose de rosado intenso, esto nos permite reconocer a la poliamida de entre todos los materiales usados como se observa en la Tabla Nº 3

COMPLEX FORMATION OF SOME DIVALENT METAL IONS WITH OXYGEN DONOR LIGANDS

Complexation reaction of a-aminobutyric acid with beryllium(II) and cobalt(II) have been studied in solution phase using paper electrophoretic technique. This method is based on the movement of a spot of metal ion in an electric field at various pH’s of the background electrolyte. A plot of overall mobility of metal / complex ion versus pH was used to obtain information on the binary complexes and to calculate stability constants. The stability constant of the ML and ML2 complexes of beryllium(II) - a-aminobutyric and cobalt(II) - a-aminobutyric acid have been found to be (7.19 ± 0.05, 6.81 ± 0.13) and (4.47 ± 0.04, 2.81 ± 0.09) (logarithm stability constant values), respectively at 35°C and ionic strength 0.1 M

ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DE LA ADSORCIÓN DE NITRÓGENO SOBRE NANOCONOS Y NANOTUBOS DE CARBÓN

We studied the adsorption of nitrogen on nanostructures of carbon with cylindrical (nanotubes) and conical (nanocones) geometries, when their ends are open or closed. It was found that the adsorption capacity of open nanotubes is more than in the open nanohorns. Calculations of the isosteric heat of adsorption were performed for both structures and it appears that, it is smaller for nanocones than for nanotubes in case that both are closed, on the entire range of pressures. For open structures at low pressure the isosteric heat of adsorption is greater for nanoconos than for nanotubes, and increasing the pressure, the opposite behaviour is observed.

RESUMEN Se estudió la adsorción de nitrógeno sobre nanoestructuras de carbón con geometría cilíndrica (nanotubos) y cónica (nanoconos), tanto con sus extremos cerrados como abiertos. Se encontró que la capacidad de adsorción de los nanotubos abiertos es mayor que la de los nanoconos abiertos. Se realizaron cálculos del calor isostérico de adsorción para ambas estructuras y se observó que es menor para los nanoconos cerrados que para los nanotubos cerrados en todo el rango de presiones. Para el caso de estructuras abiertas, en la zona de bajas presiones el calor isostérico es mucho mayor para los nanoconos que para los nanotubos y al aumentar la presión, se encuentra lo contrario.